I-Proximity Card Vs Smart Card: Umehluko Oyinhloko, Izingozi Zokuvikela, Futhi Indlela Yokukhetha
Jul 17, 2026
Shiya umlayezo
Lo mhlahlandlela uhlanganisa indlela ikhadi ngalinye elisebenza ngayo, lapho amakhadi e-prox ehluleka khona kwezokuvikela, indlela yokubona ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo olusebenzayo njengamanje, ukuthi ukuthuthukisa kubiza kangakanani, nokuthi ibuphi ubuchwepheshe obufanelana nanoma iyiphi indawo.
Isebenza kanjani i-Proximity Card
Ikhadi le-proximity liyincwadi engenzi lutho, eqinisekisa ukuthi ungathinteki esebenza ku-125 kHz(imvamisa ephansi). Bamba eyodwa eduze komfundi osebenzisanayo futhi inkambu kagesi yomfundi inika amandla ikhoyili yothi lwangaphakathi lwekhadi. I-chip iyavuka, isakaze inombolo kamazisi engashintshi - ngokuvamile ikhodi yendawo kanye nenombolo yekhadi ebhalwe ngefomethi ye-26-bit Wiegand - futhi iyathula. Alikho ibhethri, akukho othintana naye, akukho ukusebenzisana ngale kwalokhu kusakaza okukodwa.
Ikhadi ligcina okuncane kakhulu: cishe amabhithi edatha angama-64, anele lezo zihlonzi ezimbili futhi akukho okunye. Awekho amandla okucubungula futhi akukho ukubethela. I-ID efanayo idluliselwa njalo uma ikhadi lingena noma iyiphi inkambu engu-125 kHz - okuhlanganisa nekhiqizwe umhlaseli. Isixhumanisi sokuxhumana somfundi-kuya{7}kusilawuli (iphrothokholi ye-Wiegand) nayo ayibetheliwe.
Amakhadi okusondela angu-125 kHzngokuvamile eza njengamakhadi-ekhadi{1}}osayizi we-PVC noma ama-compact key fobs. Azibizi futhi kulula ukufaka - ukusethwa kwesifundi esisodwa{4}}akudingi ukucushwa kwesofthiwe eseceleni kwekhadi-. Lobo lula futhi yingakho behlale isikhathi eside kangaka emakethe, njengoba imikhawulo yabo yezokuphepha sekunzima ukuyiziba.
Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezivamile: ukungena kwesakhiwo, imingcele yokupaka, ama-turnstiles, nanoma iyiphi indawo lapho umgomo uwukungena komnyango kunokuqinisekisa ubunikazi be-cryptographically.
Indlela Ikhadi Elihlakaniphile Elisebenza Ngayo - nokuthi Kungani Lihluke Ngokuyisisekelo
Ikhadi elihlakaniphile lisebenza ngo13.56 MHz(imvamisa ephezulu) futhi iqukethe i-microprocessor eshumekiwe - hhayi nje ikhoyili ne-passive chip. Uma kwethulwa kumfundi osebenzisanayo, la madivayisi womabili asebenzisa ukuxhawula kwe-cryptographic ngaphambi kokuthi noma iyiphi idatha yokuqinisekisa iguqule izandla. Ikhadi lihlanganisa izimpendulo ezinseleleni zomfundi, umfundi wenza okufanayo ngokubuyisela, futhi alukho uhlangothi oludlulisela i-ID emile engadlalwa futhi kamuva.
Ngenxa yokuthi ukubala kwenzeka ekhadini ngokwalo, idatha yokuqinisekisa ebucayi ayidingi neze ukuthi ihambe ngendlela efundekayo. Umfundi uthola ubufakazi obuyimfihlo bokuthi ungubani. Lokhu kuqinisekisa okufanayo, okungekho ngokuphelele ezinhlelweni zamakhadi we-prox, kuyisisekelo sokuphepha kwekhadi elihlakaniphile.
Amakhadi ahlakaniphile aphinde agcine okungaphezulu kakhulu kwekhadi le-prox - ngokuvamile elingama-2 KB ukuya ku-72 KB kuye nge-chip - futhi asekele izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ngasikhathi sinye. EyodwaISO 14443A ikhadi elihlakaniphileingaba nemininingwane yokufinyelela esakhiweni, isitifiketi sokungena endaweni yokusebenza, iphrofayela yokukhokha yesitolo sokudla, kanye-nesikhathi-nerekhodi lokuya. Amakhadi e-Prox awakwazi ukukubamba lokho.
Izinga elivelele lokulawula ukufinyelela amakhadi ahlakaniphileI-ISO/IEC 14443- incazelo efanayo esetshenziswa amakhadi okukhokha ngaphandle kokuthinta. Imindeni yama-chip evamile ihlanganisa i-MIFARE Classic, i-MIFARE DESFire EV2/EV3, ne-HID iCLASS. Inothi elilodwa ku-MIFARE Classic: abacwaningi base-Radboud University babonisa ngo-2008 ukuthi i-Crypto yobunikazi bayo{7}}1 i-cipher isengozini yokuhlaselwa{11}}okubalulekile kokutakula. I-DESFire EV2 ne-EV3 isebenzisa ukubethela kwe-AES futhi iyinketho evikelekile yesizukulwane samanje sokuphakelwa okusha.
Amakhadi ahlakaniphile ayatholakala njengamakhadi e-PVC ajwayelekile, ama-key fobs, kanye - namabhande asehlakaleni - ekunakekelweni kwezempilo nasezindaweni zezenzakalo -.RFID wristbandseyakhelwe ku-13.56 MHz ama-smart card chips asetshenziswa njengezintambo zokubopha ezihlakaleni zezingane ezibhedlela, emapaki etimu, nasemakamu ehlobo, lapho abasebenzi bedinga kokubili ukunethezeka ngaphandle kokuthintwa kanye nesiqiniseko sobunikazi esithembekile sezingane ezingakwazi ukuphatha ikhadi.
Umehluko Obalulekile Ngokubuka nje
| Isici | I-Proximity Card | Ikhadi elihlakaniphile |
|---|---|---|
| Imvamisa | 125 kHz (LF) | 13.56 MHz (HF) |
| Ihadiwe yangaphakathi | Ikhoyili engenzi lutho + i-IC eyisisekelo | I-Microprocessor + i-antenna |
| Ukubethelwa kwedatha | Lutho | I-AES / 3DES |
| Amandla enkumbulo | ~ 64 amabhithi | 2 KB – 72 KB |
| Ukuqinisekisa okuhlanganyelwe | Cha | Yebo |
| Iphrothokholi yokufunda-kuya{1}kumlawuli | I-Wiegend (engabetheliwe) | I-OSDP (ibethelwe) noma i-Wiegand |
| Usekelo-oluningi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza | Cha | Yebo |
| Ingozi yokuhlanganisa | Phezulu | Iphansi kakhulu |
| Ukuhoxiswa kokuqinisekisa okukude | Cha (ngesandla,{0}}ngomnyango) | Yebo (isistimu{0}}banzi) |
| Cishe. -izindleko zekhadi ngalinye | $1–$5 | $2–$20+ |
Okufakiwe okubili kulelo thebula kufanelwe umongo owengeziwe.I-OSDP (Open Supervised Device Protocol)iwukungena esikhundleni sesimanje se-Wiegand kusixhumanisi somfundi-kuya{1}}kusixhumanisi sesilawuli. Iningi lamasistimu ekhadi le-prox asebenzisa i-Wiegand - iphrothokholi ye-serial engabetheliwe eyaqala ngawo-1980s. I-OSDP ithatha indawo yalokho nge-AES-128-encrypted, ukuxhumana okukabili. Abafundi bekhadi elihlakaniphile abanokwesekwa kwe-OSDP bavala ngokuphelele ukuba sengozini kwe-Wiegand, hhayi nje ingozi yokuhlanganisa ikhadi.Ukuhoxiswa kwesilawuli kudeenye inzuzo engabongwa kahle: lapho ikhadi elihlakaniphile lilahlekile noma isisebenzi sihamba, uhlelo lokuphatha amakhadi lungenza iziqinisekiso zingasebenzi kuyo yonke iminyango ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ukuqinisekisa kwekhadi le-prox kufanele kukhishwe mathupha kusizindalwazi ngasinye sesilawuli - futhi uma leso sinyathelo sibambezeleka, imininingwane ihlala ibukhoma.
Igebe Lokuphepha: Ukuthi Izingozi Zibukeka Kanjani Empeleni
Inkinga enkulu ngamakhadi okusondelana iwukubala. Basakaza i-ID engaguquki, engabethelwe kunoma iyiphi inkambu kagesi engu-125 kHz - okuhlanganisa naleyo ekhiqizwa umhlaseli. Ama-vectors amathathu asebenzayo alandela ngqo kulowo mklamo:
Ukwenza ikhadi.Amadivayisi okufunda/ukubhala angu-125 kHz ayatholakala ngokwentengiso futhi kulula ukuwasebenzisa. Ukufunda ukuqinisekiswa kwekhadi le-prox kuthatha imizuzwana; ukuyibhalela ekhadini elingenalutho kuthatha okumbalwa okwengeziwe. I-clone ewumphumela ayikwazi ukuhlukaniswa ngogesi kweyokuqala. Umnikazi wekhadi akanalo inkomba yokuthi kwenzekile, futhi irekhodi lokufinyelela libonisa ukuskena okujwayelekile.
Ukungenelela kwe-Wiegand.Noma ngabe ukuhlanganisa ikhadi bekuvinjwe ngandlela thize, isixhumanisi se-Wiegand phakathi komfundi nesilawuli sidlulisela ngombhalo ocacile. Idivayisi encane efakwe ngaphakathi noma ngemuva kwendawo evalekile yokufunda - ukuze ingabonakali, phakathi kodonga nesifundi - ingangena buthule zonke izifakazelo ezidlulayo. Akukho ukuphazamisa okubonakalayo, asikho isixwayiso sesistimu.
Akukho ukuhoxiswa okuzenzakalelayo.Njengoba kuphawuliwe ngenhla,-ikhadi lommeli wesisebenzi sangaphambili lihlala lisebenza kuze kube yilapho othile elisusa mathupha kuso sonke isilawuli esifanele. Lelo gebe livame ukukalwa ngezinsuku noma amasonto ekusebenzeni.
Ukuhlaselwa kwekhadi le-Proximity kuthule. Ukuqinisekisa okuhlanganisiwe kukhiqiza okufakiwe kwelogi yokufinyelela efana neyomsebenzisi osemthethweni. Akukho okudidayo, asikho isexwayiso, futhi ngokuvamile akukho uphenyo kuze kube yilapho okuthile kucupha isibuyekezo. Leyo ngxenye engabonisi kumashidi acacisiwe.
Ezinhlanganweni ezifuna isivikelo esisheshayo samakhadi e-prox agcinwe kuma-wallet, iIkhadi lokuvimbela i-RFIDinikeza ukuncishiswa okuthile ngokumelene nokuskena okungosomathuba - nakuba kungenzi lutho ukubhekana nenkinga yokunqamuka kwe-Wiegand ohlangothini lomfundi.
Ungasho Kanjani Ikhadi Onalo Njengamanje
Ngaphambi kokuhlela noma yikuphi ukuthuthukiswa, udinga ukwazi ukuthi yibuphi ubuchwepheshe obusebenza endaweni yakho.
Isinyathelo 1 - sokuskena i-smartphone.Faka Amathuluzi e-NFC (mahhala, i-Android) bese ubamba isicaba sekhadi ngemuva kwefoni. Uma uhlelo lokusebenza lufunda noma iyiphi idatha ye-chip, iyikhadi elihlakaniphile le-13.56 MHz. Uma kungenzeki lutho, cishe kuyikhadi le-prox elingu-125 kHz, i-Android NFC engakwazi ukulifunda.
Isinyathelo 2 - Ukuhlola umzimba.Bamba ikhadi ngaphansi kokukhanya okuqinile. Amakhadi ahlakaniphile ngokuvamile abonisa amakhonco angaphakathi afiphele - isithunzi sekhoyili ye-antenna kanye ne-chip layer. Amakhadi e-Prox abukeka afanayo. Iphedi elibonakalayo eliyigolide noma eliyisiliva ebusweni libonisa amandla-emodi yekhadi elihlakaniphile, elivamile emakhadini kahulumeni e-PIV.
Isinyathelo 3 - Ishidi lokucaciswa komfundi.Bheka inombolo yemodeli yabafundi bakho abafakile. Ishidi ledatha lizofaka ohlwini amaza asekelwayo. "125 kHz," "HID Prox," "EM4100," noma "TK4100" isho ummeleli. "13.56 MHz," "MIFARE," "ISO 14443," noma "iCLASS" isho ikhadi elihlakaniphile. Uma kokubili kuvela, usuvele unezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezikabili{9}}ezikabili.
Izindleko: Umbono Ongokoqobo
Zonke izibalo zilinganiselwa kusukela ngo-2024–2025; qinisekisa amanani amanje nabathengisi ngaphambi kokwenza isabelomali.
- Amakhadi okusondela angu-125 kHz: $1–$5 ikhadi ngalinye
- Amakhadi ahlakaniphile e-MIFARE Classic: $2–$6 ikhadi ngalinye
- I-MIFARE DESFire EV3 / iCLASS SEOS: $6–$20+ ngekhadi ngalinye
- Abafundi bekhadi le-Proximity: $50–$200 ngomnyango ngamunye
- Izifundi zekhadi elihlakaniphile: $80–$300 ngomnyango ngamunye
- Izifundi-ezikabili(funda zombili izinhlobo zamakhadi): $100–$400 ngomnyango ngamunye
Igebe{{0}sekhadini ngalinye lezindleko zekhadi phakathi kwe-prox nokungena{1}}kweleveli yamakhadi ahlakaniphile lincane kunalokho abantu abaningi abakulindele - cishe u-$1–$3 ngemininingwane ngayinye. Izindleko zangaphambili ezinkulu yi-hardware yokufunda. Kungakho abafundi abakabili-abafunda imvamisa beyisiqalo esisebenzayo sokufuduka okuningi: amakhadi e-prox akhona eqhubeka esebenza kuyilapho amakhadi ahlakaniphile akhishwa ngokuhambisana, agwema noma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka ekufinyeleleni kwansuku zonke.
Isamba sokubala sezindleko sidinga futhi ukufaka ukuthi isigameko sokuphepha sekhadi le-prox sibizani ngempela - ukushintshwa kobufakazi, uphenyo, kanye nokubika okungase kube nokulawula. Leso sibalo singadlula iminyaka yokutshalwa kwengqalasizinda ye-smart card.
Yibuphi Ubuchwepheshe Bufanelana Nayiphi Imvelo?
Ukunakekela impilo.Amakhadi ahlakaniphile ayisinqumo esisebenzayo. Izindawo zemitholampilo zidinga ukulawulwa kokufinyelela okuphathekayo (amagumbi emithi, izindawo ezikhawulelwe) kanye nokulawulwa kokufinyelela okunengqondo (ukungena ngemvume endaweni yokusebenza ye-EHR) ebufakazini obufanayo. Izidingo zokuhlolwa kwe-HIPAA zihambisana nokungena ngemvume kokufinyelela ekhadini elihlakaniphile.Izifundi zokulawula ukufinyelelaezisekela yomibili imisebenzi zisezingeni ekwakhiweni kwezibhedlela zesimanje. Emawadini ezingane nababeletha, amabhande asesihlakaleni e-RFID ezingane asebenzisa ama-chip card ahlakaniphile avumela abasebenzi ukuthi balandelele iziguli futhi bavimbele ukuphuma okungagunyaziwe - ekusebenziseni okuqondile kwengqalasizinda efanayo yokuqinisekisa.
Uhulumeni.Amakhadi e-PIV (Personal Identity Verification), adingekayo ngaphansiFIPS 201kubasebenzi bakahulumeni abafinyelela ezinhlelweni zikahulumeni, amakhadi ahlakaniphile. Amakhadi e-Proximity awahlangabezani ne-HSPD-12 noma izinhlaka zayo ezilandelanayo. Izindikimba okungezona ezikahulumeni ezisebenza ngaphansi kwezidingo ezifanayo zokuthobela kufanele zilandele indlela efanayo.
Imfundo ephakeme.Amanyuvesi avame ukusebenzisa ikhadi elilodwa ukuze afinyelele ihholo lokuhlala, izinsiza zemtapo wolwazi, amaphasi ezokuthutha, nezinhlelo zokudla. EyodwaIkhadi elihlakaniphile le-MIFARE 1Kingaphatha eziningana zalezi kanyekanye. Amakhadi e-Prox awakwazi.
Ibhizinisi lebhizinisi.Izinhlangano ezingaphansi kwe-SOC 2 Type II noma i-ISO 27001 kufanele zibe amakhadi ahlakaniphile. Amasistimu asekelwe ku-Wiegand{3}ama-prox aya ngokuya amakwa ekuhlolweni kokuphepha njengokunganele kwendawo ephatha idatha elawulwayo.
Izentengiso{0}}ezinobungozi obuphansi.Ihhovisi elincane, indawo yokugcina izimpahla eyodwa, noma indawo yokugcina impahla engenadatha ebucayi ngemuva kweminyango yaso - amakhadi e-prox ahlala ebiza-esebenza lapha. Imodeli yokusongela ayizisekeli izindleko zengqalasizinda yekhadi elihlakaniphile ngalesi sikali.
Ukuhlela Ukufuduka: Izinyathelo Ezinhlanu Ezisebenzayo
Ukuklebhula okuphelele-kanye{1}}nokushintsha akuvamile ukuba kudingekile. Izinhlangano eziningi zifuduka kancane kancane zisebenzisa{3}}ingqalasizinda yamafrikhwensi amabili, okugcina izifakazelo ezikhona zisebenza ngenkathi kwethulwa ezintsha.
1. Hlola uhlelo lwakho.Donsa ama-specs sheet awo wonke umfundi endaweni. Khomba ukuthi yiziphi izilawuli zeminyango ezisebenzisa i-Wiegand iqhathaniswa ne-OSDP, futhi yiziphi izifundi ezingathuthukiswa{1}ezithuthukisiwe. Faka kuhlu wonke amafomethi ekhadi asetshenziswayo.
2. Faka esikhundleni abafundi kuqala.Faka amamodeli-emvamisa ekabili emnyango ngamunye.Ukuqinisekisa{0}}okukabilifuthi abafundi bavumela amakhadi e-prox ukuthi aqhubeke esebenza kulo lonke lolu shintsho - kungabikho ukuphazamiseka kokufinyelela phakathi newindi lokukhishwa.
3. Khipha amakhadi ahlakaniphile kubasebenzisi{1}abasengozini enkulu kuqala.Abaphathi, abalawuli be-IT, igumbi leseva nabaphathi bokufinyelela besikhungo sedatha - lezi kufanele zithuthwe zibe yi-wave one. A13.56 MHz i-fob yokhiyeisebenza kanye nefomethi yekhadi yabasebenzisi abayithandayo.
4. Setha usuku lokushona kwelanga kwekhadi le-prox.Khuluma ngedethi ethile - ngokujwayelekile izinsuku ezingu-90 kuya kwezingu-180 ukuphuma - ngemva kwalokho izifakazo ezingu-125 kHz ngeke zisamukelwa. Anumfundi wokubhalisayenza kube lula ukukhishwa kwenqwaba kubasebenzisi abasele.
5. Khubaza u-125 kHz kuzifundi-ezikabili.Uma bonke abasebenzisi sebenamakhadi ahlakaniphile, lungiselela izifundi ukuze zenqabe-iziqinisekiso zefrikhwensi ephansi. Lokhu kuvala indawo yokuhlasela yekhadi le-prox unomphela.
Ezinhlanganweni ezisendaweni elawulwayo,I-NIST SP 800-116 Rev. 1inikeza isiqondiso esinemininingwane sokusetshenziswa sezinhlelo ze-PIV-ezithobelanayo zomzimba nezinengqondo zokuqinisekisa.
Kuthiwani Ngemininingwane Yeselula?
Ukuqinisekisa kweselula - ezigcina izifakazelo zokufinyelela ku-smartphone nge-NFC noma i-Bluetooth Low Energy - ziyadlondlobala ezimweni zebhizinisi. Icala lokusebenza liyiqiniso: imininingwane ingakhishwa, ilungiswe, futhi ihoxiswe kude ngaphandle kokuthinta ikhadi eliphathekayo, elibalulekile ezinhlanganweni ezilawula izisebenzi ezinkulu noma ezisabalalisiwe.
I-tradeoffs nayo ingokoqobo. Ukuqinisekisa kweselula kuncike esimweni sebhethri ledivayisi, ukusebenzisana kwe-OS, nengqalasizinda ye-MDM. Okwamanje azikafaneleki emhlabeni wonke ezindaweni ezilawulwayo noma{2}}amapherimitha okuphepha aphezulu. Ezinhlanganweni eziningi njengamanje, amakhadi ahlakaniphile ahlala eyindawo ephakathi nendawo efakazelwe - evikeleke kakhulu kunamakhadi e-prox, ahambisana kabanzi kunokuphakelwa kweselula-kuphela, futhi esekelwa i-ecosystem ekhulile yabafundi nesofthiwe yokuphatha.
FAQ
Umbuzo: Ingabe ikhadi le-proximity lingenziwa umnikazi wekhadi engazi?
A: Yebo. Ngenxa yokuthi amakhadi e-prox asakaza i-ID engabethelwe kunoma iyiphi inkambu ehambisanayo, umfundi ongu-125 kHz obekwe eduze nomnikazi wekhadi - endaweni ephakeme noma endaweni egcwele abantu - angafunda futhi arekhode ukuqinisekisa ngaphandle kokuthintana naye ngokomzimba. Imishini yokukopisha ye-RFID etholakala ngokwentengiso ingase ibhale lokho kuqinisekisa ekhadini elingenalutho. Inqubo ayishiyi mkhondo, futhi umnikazi wekhadi akanalo inkomba yokuthi yenzekile.
Umbuzo: Ingabe amakhadi okusondela afana namakhadi e-RFID?
A: Amakhadi e-Proximity ayisethi engaphansi ye-RFID - ikakhulukazi 125 kHz low-frequency RFID. Lapho abantu abasesilawulweni sokufinyelela beqhathanisa "amakhadi e-RFID" "namakhadi okusondela," ngokuvamile asho umehluko phakathi kwamakhadi ahlakaniphile esimanje angu-13.56 MHz (abethelwe, -izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi) kanye namakhadi e-prox angu-125 kHz amadala (angabetheliwe, umazisi ogxilile kuphela). I-physics eyisisekelo iyafana; amandla kanye nephrofayili yokuphepha ayikho.
Umbuzo: Ingabe ikhadi elihlakaniphile lizosebenza kumfundi wekhadi eliseduze?
A: Cha. Ikhadi elihlakaniphile elingu-13.56 MHz lingaphandle kwebanga lefrikhwensi yomfundi ongu-125 kHz - futhi akakwazi ukuxhumana nomunye. Izinhlangano ezishintshayo phakathi kobuchwepheshe obubili zidinga abafundi abasekela amafrikhwensi womabili ngesikhathi esisodwa, okungenani phakathi nesikhathi sokufuduka.
Q: Liyini ikhadi le-clamshell - ingabe liyi-prox noma ikhadi elihlakaniphile?
A: Ikhadi le-clamshell liyifomethi yezindlu, hhayi ubuchwepheshe. Isho indawo ebiyelwe eqinile, ewugqinsi ye-PVC evikela imininingwane engaphakathi - ewusizo endaweni yezimboni noma yangaphandle. Amakhadi e-Clamshell aseduze asebenza ku-125 kHz; izinguqulo zekhadi elihlakaniphile lendawo ebiyelwe efanayo isebenza ku-13.56 MHz. Indlu ayishintshi imvamisa noma ileveli yokuphepha yokuqinisekisa ngaphakathi.
Umbuzo: Ingabe ikhadi lasebhange elingenakuthinta liyikhadi elihlakaniphile?
A: Ngokobuchwepheshe, yebo. Amakhadi okukhokha ngaphandle kokuthintwa asebenzisa u-13.56 MHz nezinga le-EMV elingaphansi kwe-ISO/IEC 14443 - imvamisa efanayo kanye nomndeni wokucaciswa njengamakhadi ahlakaniphile okulawula ukufinyelela. Izivumelwano zohlelo lokusebenza nokhiye be-cryptographic ziqondene ngqo nesizinda sokukhokha, ngakho-ke akukho ukusebenzisana nezinhlelo zokufinyelela kweminyango. Kodwa ubuchwepheshe be-chip buyisigaba esifanayo.
Umbuzo: Ngingasho kanjani ukuthi yiliphi ikhadi enginalo uma ngingenaso isifundi se-NFC?
A: Hlola isifundi esifakwe eminyango yakho. Ishidi ledatha lenombolo yemodeli lizoklelisa amaza asekelwayo. Noma iyiphi ireferensi ethi "125 kHz," "HID Prox," "EM4100," noma "TK4100" iqinisekisa isistimu yekhadi le-proximity. Uma ubona okuthi "13.56 MHz," "MIFARE," "ISO 14443," noma "iCLASS," ingqalasizinda yakho yokuqinisekisa isekelwe ekhadini elihlakaniphile{{8}. Uma kokubili kuvela, usuvele unokusetha{10}}okukabili.
Umugqa Ophansi
Amakhadi e-Proximity ayenengqondo lapho eklanywa. Alula, aqinile, futhi ashibhile - futhi -nezindawo ezinobungozi obuphansi, asenjalo. Isimo sezokuphepha esibazungezile sishintshile. Ukwenza ikhadi le-prox manje kubiza amashumi amadola futhi kuthatha imizuzu. Leyo asymmetry kunzima ukuyithethelela kunoma yisiphi isikhungo esivikela izimpahla ezibalulekile.
Amakhadi ahlakaniphile awawona ukuthuthukiswa okubekelwe amabhajethi ebhizinisi. Amakhadi okungena-eleveli ye-MIFARE abiza ngaphezulu kweyunithi ngayinye kunamakhadi e-prox ayisisekelo, futhi igebe lezindleko zomfundi livaleleka ngezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezikabili-ezigcina ukufuduka{3}}kungaphazamisi. Isinyathelo okufanele sithathwe kuqala ukuhlola okuthembekile kokuthi yini ngempela engemuva kweminyango yakho - nokuthi ingabe incwadi yokuqinisekisa engakopishwa buthule ephasishi iyithuluzi elilungile yini lokuyivikela.
Ngezidingo zokuqinisekisa ngokwezifiso kunoma iyiphi ifomu - noma ngabe amakhadi ajwayelekile,RFID key fobs, nomaama-wristbands we-siliconekwezinhlelo zokusebenza zezempilo nezemicimbi - I-Syntek inikeza kokubili amafomethi angu-125 kHz kanye ne-13.56 MHz kuyo yonke imindeni emikhulu yama-chip. Xhumana nethimba ukuze nixoxe ngezimfuneko zakho zokuqinisekisa.
Thumela ukuPhenya