Kusuka ebangeni labathengi kuya ebangeni le-aerospace, yini umehluko phakathi kwama-chips?

Ukwahlukaniswa kwebanga lama-chip empeleni kuyingxenye yobunzima bemvelo yesicelo se-chip. Ama-chips ethu ajwayelekile ahlukaniswa izigaba ezine, ibanga lezemikhakha (ibanga labathengi), ibanga lezimboni, ibanga lezimoto kanye nebanga lezempi (ibanga lezempi). Njengamanje, i-chip ecacisiwe kakhulu ecacisiwe esingayifinyelela yi-chip ecacisiwe yemoto. Uma kuqhathaniswa nabathengi - Ibanga le-chips, izimoto - Ibanga Chips lingamelana namazinga okushisa athe xaxa kanye nezindawo zokusebenzisa.

Kusukela empini - Ibanga nemoto -} Ibanga lama-chips linamandla amakhulu, bekungeke kwanele ukwenza wonke ama-chips ahlangabezana namazinga webanga eliphakeme ngangokunokwenzeka?

I-Chip Grading akuyona elula lokho. Empeleni kuhilela yonke inqubo yokwakhiwa kwesifunda, inqubo yokukhiqiza, kanye nokufakwa kokugcina kanye nokuhlolwa kwama-chip. I-High - Ama-Chips ajwayelekile kungenzeka angalungele amanye amazinga ezindawo. Okokuqala, ama-chip anokucaciswa okuphezulu ajwayele ukusho amanani aphezulu, futhi akhokhele izimo zohlelo lokusebenza ezingenakwenzeka zizonciphisa izindleko ze- - yama-chip. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akukhona ukuthi ukukhuphuka kwezinga le-chip, ngokushesha ijubane lokucubungula. Kwesinye isikhathi i-chip izonikela ngengxenye yokusebenza ukuze ingashayeki ebusweni bezindawo ezikhethekile zesicelo.

Ukukhuluma nje, ukwakheka kwe-redundancy ukwandisa ukwethenjwa kwe-chip ekushintsheni imali ekhulayo.

Ukuba khona kwemibuthano engafuneki ku-chip akuyona imfucuza, ngoba i-chip idinga ukulungiswa ngokuphelele lapho ibhekene nemisebenzi engaziwa ukunciphisa amathuba okuphumula ngaphansi kwezimo ezikhethekile. Ochwepheshe be-Chip Design bachaza ukujikeleza okuqabulayo: "Singakwazi ukuvumelanisa uhlelo lokuthola amandla anele phakathi kweprosesa kanye nememori ukuze kube nokuhamba okuphezulu kakhulu futhi lapho kufakwa inkumbulo enkulu phakathi kweprosesa kanye ne-modency, iprosesa lingasemboza izingqinamba eziningi zokuthenga". Amanye ama-caches angafuneki angavimba ukushayeka lapho imemori incipha lapho icubungulwa imisebenzi emikhulu -. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umphumela ofanayo ungatholakala futhi ekwakhiweni kwe-Memory Redundancy design.

Vele, ukuklama imibuthano engafuneki akuyona ikhophi elula futhi unamathisele. Isibonelo, ifektri ye-chip ingakhuphula i-margin yokucubungula ezinqubweni ezithile zokucubungula, njengememori evuselelwayo ne-cache eshiwo ngenhla, kungavumela i-chip ukuthi ibhekane nezinkinga zesikhathi se-buffer kanye nezinguquko ezingenzeka ngesikhathi esifanele; I-Redundancy nayo ingaba ngokuzikhethela umnyombo we-IP ovuthiwe, yize kungeyona ijubane elisheshayo le-computing, lingakhulisa ukuthembeka; I-Redundancy ingavumela futhi ukuthi iprosesa yamukele isu elizinzile kunokuba isu elisebenzayo lapho i-computing ama-algorithms athile, ngangokunokwenzeka ukugwema ukulimala okubangelwa amaphutha okubalwa.

Ngokuvamile, ukuncipha akusona okungafanele. Onjiniyela emkhakheni wokushayela abazimele embonini bakhombe: "Izici eziningi zokwakheka ziyimithetho yesithupha. Lokhu kungasicela umshuwalense ohlangabezana nomklamo womzimba noma ukucubungula izindaba ezibucayi."

Ngaphambi kokuba ucezu lwe-monocrystalline ekugcineni luba yi-chip esingalusebenzisa, kufanele idlule ekwakhiweni, ezokukhiqiza, ukupakisha, ukuhlola nezinye izixhumanisi. Enye yezinhloso eziphambili zokupakisha ukuvikela okuxegayo okufa ngaphakathi kusuka endaweni yangaphandle.

Thatha i-aerospace - Ibanga le-chips njengesibonelo. Umthengi ojwayelekile Ukuze unciphise imiphumela yesibili ebangelwa imisebe, igesi ekhethekile nayo igcwele ngesikhathi sokupakisha.

Njengamanje, izinga lokucaciswa kwemoto liyi-chip ecacisiwe kakhulu abathengi. Ukwahlulela kusuka kwizidingo zemithetho yezimoto, izinga lokushisa layo lokusebenza liyadingeka ukufinyelela -℃okungamamitha angama-40, futhi kudinga futhi ukuba nobufakazi, nokushaqeka {- {- {- {- {- {-. Ngakho-ke, ama-chips webanga lemoto kaningi kufanele acabangele ukuhlukaniswa kokushisa nezinkinga zokubopha uphawu lapho ukupakishwa. Njengamanje, ama-chip amaningi wezimoto afakwe ku-SIP. Iningi lamamojula adinga ukuqina kwe-computing ephezulu kuhlanganiswe ndawonye ukuze kuvikelwe ukufakwa. Ngasikhathi sinye, ibanga lokuxhumana phakathi kwamamojula ahlukene liyancishiswa, futhi amathuba okuthi athinteke ngesikhathi sokuhanjiswa kwedatha kuncishisiwe.

Eqinisweni, noma ngabe kuyilungu lezimboni -, izimoto ze-autotive - noma imijikelezo eminingi yokulungiselela, ukukhethwa okuqinile nokuhlola kumele kwenziwe ekugcineni. Ama-chips webanga ngalinye awakhiqizwa ngabakhiqizi be-chip futhi abazithobile -, futhi amamaki adinga ukunqunywa ngemuva kokuvunywa yiminyango efanele yasekhaya.

Njengamanje, ama-chip ahlukaniswe amabanga amane, ibanga labathengi, ibanga lezimboni, ibanga lezimoto kanye nezempi (aerospace) ibanga. Ama-chips amamaki ahlukene kanye nokucaciswa kunezidingo ezihlukile kusuka ekwakhiweni kuya kokupakisha nokuhlola izigaba, kanye nezimo zokusebenzisa nazo zihlukile. Ngokuvamile, kukhuphuka imininingwane ye-chip, ukwakheka kwe-chip redundancy, okulimazele iphakheji, kanye nenqubo yokuhlola eqinile.