Ibiza malini I-RFID Animal Tags?

Yini I-26.8: I-1 ROI Ibukeka Ngayo Empeleni

 

Igatsha lesifundazwe le-PICC (People's Insurance Company of China) likhiphe ama-ear tag e-RFID ezingulubeni ezizalanayo ezingu-119,300. Izindleko zomaka bezicishe zibe ngu-¥3.5 ngeyunithi ngayinye (cishe u-$0.48). Umsebenzi wesicelo wengeze enye ¥3 ngesilwane ngasinye. Amathuluzi okufunda nengqalasizinda ifinyelele cishe ku-¥150,000. Isamba sokutshalwa{10}sonyaka wokuqala: cishe isigidi esingu-¥1.23.

 

Izilinganiso zokufa kwesimangalo zehla zisuka{{0}ezilinganisweni zeminyaka emithathu zika-9.34% zaya ku-5.21%. Lokho kwehliswa kwamaphuzu okungamaphesenti angu-4.13, encwadini yeprimiyamu engu-¥10 million, okuhunyushelwe ku-¥8.26 wezigidigidi ezinkokhelweni ezincishisiwe minyaka yonke. Esikhathini -seminyaka emine yokuzalanisa izingulube, ukuthunyelwa kukhiqize imbuyiselo engu-26.8:1 ekutshalweni kwezimali. Omaka bahlala besebenza iminyaka elandelayo yenqubomgomo, okusho ukuthi iminyaka emibili kuya kwemine idinga iqanda elingekho izindleko ezengeziwe zokumaka.

 

Ukukhiqizwa kobisi okungu-2,000{4}}ekhanda e-New Zealand kubonise ukuthuthuka okungu-15% ekusengeni ngemva kokukhishwa kwe-RFID. Hhayi ngoba izinkomo zazihamba ngokushesha, kodwa ngenxa yokuthi ukuhlonza ukubambezeleka{10}}nokugcina irekhodi kususiwe ekugelezeni kwenqubo. Ukuhlinzwa okufanayo kubike ukwehla okungama-40% kwezehlakalo zesifo sokuvuvuka kwebele, okubangelwa ukutholwa kusengaphambili ngamasistimu okuqapha asebenzisa ukuhlonza i-RFID ukulandelela amamethrikhi ezempilo yenkomo ngayinye. Baphinde babhala ngo-12% ukwenyuka kwesivuno samathole ngonyaka. Imisebenzi esebenzisa ukutholwa kokushisa okuhlanganisiwe kwe-RFID kanye nokuphathwa kokuzalanisa ibika amazinga okukhulelwa angaphezu kuka-90% wezinhlelo ze-AI, uma kuqhathaniswa no-60-70% ovamile wezindlela zokubuka okubukwayo.

 

Imisebenzi yokuphakela inyama yaseShayina esebenzisa iziteshi zokudlala ezisekelwe ku-RFID{0}ibhale phansi ngo-10% ukwehliswa kwezindleko zokuphakelayo ngekhilogremu ngayinye yenzuzo. Lokhu kuyafinyeleleka ngoba okuphakelayo ngakunye{3}}kokuthi{4}}ukuzuza izilinganiso kungalinganiswa futhi izilinganiso zilungiswe ngokufanele, kunokuba kuhlanganiswe okumaphakathi komhlambi.

 

Ukwehliswa kwezindleko zabasebenzi ngokuvamile kuqhuba u-30-60% wemisebenzi ehilela ukuhlonza isilwane ngasinye, ukugcinwa kwamarekhodi, kanye nemibhalo yokulawula.

 

Kungani Izintengo Zomaka Zihluka Kakhulu

 

I-chip ye-RFID ngokwayo icishe ingabi nalutho esikalini. Izindleko zokukhiqiza ezivela ku-MIT's Auto-Isikhungo se-ID sinqume ukuthi umjikelezo ohlanganisiwe ongu-1mm × 1mm owenziwe ngenqubo engu-0.25μm ubiza cishe u-$0.028 ngeyunithi ngayinye ngamavolumu okukhiqiza. I-chip ibala kuphela u-20-40% wezindleko zamathegi aqediwe (cocoa.ethz.ch).

 

Ukwakhiwa kwe-antenna kudla isabelomali esiningi kunalokho abathengi abaningi abakulindele. I-copper etching yendabuko, okuseyiyona ndlela ehamba phambili, imosha cishe u-70% wezinto zethusi ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza. Inqubo yokufaka iphinde idale lokho abakhiqizi abakubiza ngokuthi "undercut" noma ukuguguleka okuseceleni emaphethelweni e-antenna, ikhiqize ama-conductor angalingani angathinta ukuvumelana kokufunda. Ama-antenna anesitembu anamaphrofayili ahlanzekile kodwa adinga ukutshalwa kwezimali kwamathuluzi aphezulu. Isitembu esisodwa esisebenza ngemijikelezo emi-3 ngesekhondi enesakhiwo sephethini engu-3 sikhiqiza cishe amayunithi wezinti angu-400,000 ngosuku. Lokho kuchaza ukuthi kungani intengo yevolumu yehla ngokumangazayo: izindleko zamathuluzi zinciphisa ngokushesha esikalini.

I-encapsulation idala ukuhlukaniswa kwekhwalithi okubanzi kakhulu. Izindlu ze-TPU ezijwayelekile (i-thermoplastic polyurethane) zibiza kancane futhi zisebenza ngokwanele ezimweni ezipholile. Ukusebenza ezindaweni ezibucayi kudinga ukwakheka okukhethekile kwe-polymer noma i-bio-i-ceramic encapsulation. Sikhuluma ngokuchayeka kwe-UV ephezulu eziteshini zasemaphandleni zase-Australia, amazinga okushisa angaphansi-eziro ezifundazweni ezisenyakatho ye-China, izimo ezibolayo ezikhungweni ezivalelwe kakhulu. Umehluko wezindleko ezibonakalayo mkhulu, kodwa ngokufanayo nomehluko wezinga lokuhluleka kwenkundla. Silandele ukuthunyelwa lapho i-encapsulation eshibhile ikhiqize u-15%+ wokulahlekelwa komaka wonyaka uma kuqhathaniswa no-5-6% wezindlu ezikhokhelwayo. Kunoma ibuphi usayizi womhlambi onengqondo, izindleko zokushintsha kanye{12}}nokusebenza kabusha kwesicelo kususa ukonga konyaka wokuqala phakathi nezinyanga.

 

Isitifiketi se-ICAR sengeza esinye isendlalelo. Ukuhlola nokuhambisana kusebenzisa u-$2,000 kuya ku-$5,000 ngemodeli yethegi ngayinye, izindleko abakhiqizi abasabalalisa kuwo wonke umthamo wokukhiqiza. Abathengi bevolumu ephansi-bamunca izitifiketi ezingalingani, okuchaza ngokwengxenye ukuthi kungani amanani-ama-oda amancane ehlala enenkani ephezulu ngisho noma izindleko zengxenye eluhlaza zehla.

 

Imakethe ye-Ear tag ye-LF ihlukana phakathi kwephrothokholi ye-FDX-B (full duplex) kanye ne-HDX (half duplex). I-FDX-B ihamba phambili enanini, isebenzisa u-$0.75 kuya ku-$2.90 ngeyunithi ngayinye uma iqhathaniswa no-$1.50 kuya ku-$4.00 we-HDX. Izinqumo eziningi zokuthenga zizenzakalela zibe yi-FDX-B ngokusekelwe kuzindleko zeyunithi kuphela. Ezimweni zokubuyiselwa imali, lokhu kuvame ukuba yiphutha. Omaka be-HDX babonisa ukusebenza kokufundwa okungcono ngokulinganiseka ezindaweni ezinomsindo kagesi. I-FDX-Izilinganiso zokufundwa kwe-B zinciphisa ingqalasizinda yensimbi: ama-headgate ensimbi, ama-chute aminyanisayo, uthango lwamaphaneli. Akhombisa ukuzwela okuthile ekuphazamisekeni kokukhanyisa kwe-fluorescent. Iphrothokholi ye-HDX iphatha lezi zimo ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa okukhulu kokusebenza. Ibanga lokufunda nalo lingcono, 38-46 cm we-HDX uma kuqhathaniswa no-35-41 cm ku-FDX-B. Izindleko zamathegi eziphakeme ngo-30-50% eziqeda u-20% wokungaphumeleli kokufunda kwakho empeleni azibizi kakhulu uma uhlanganisa umsebenzi.

 

Intengo Yevolumu Nengqalasizinda

 

Usayizi we-oda	I-LF Tag (I-ICAR Certified)	Ithegi ye-UHF	Ingqalasizinda ngokweNhloko ngayinye
100 amayunithi	$1.50 – $3.00	$0.30 – $0.80	~$50.00
1,000 amayunithi	$1.00 – $2.00	$0.15 – $0.40	~$8.00 – $12.00
10,000 amayunithi	$0.80 – $1.50	$0.05 – $0.20	~$3.00 – $5.00
100,{1}} amayunithi	$0.60 – $1.00	$0.03 – $0.10	~$2.00 – $3.00

 

Izindleko zengqalasizinda ngekhanda ngalinye zifaka impahla yokufunda ekhokhwayo, ilayisensi yesofthiwe, kanye nokushintshwa komaka wonyaka okumaphakathi. Ngezinga elincane, izindleko zengqalasizinda ezingaguquki ziyabusa. Umsebenzi onamakhanda angu-100 okuthenga umfundi ongu-$1,500 kanye no-$500 wonyaka wokubhaliswa kwesofthiwe kusebenzisa imali eningi kungqalasizinda kunakumathegi.

 

Izifundi zezinti eziphathwa ngesandla eziyisisekelo zisebenzisa u-$500 kuya ku-$1,600. I-Bluetooth-enikwe amandla izibambiso ze-Bluetooth ezine-GPS edidiyelwe kanye nokuthwebula izithombe okuzenzakalelayo kubiza u-$1,500 kuya ku-$3,000{8}}manje iyadingeka ekusebenzeni kokuqinisekiswa komshwalense wemfuyo, lapho{13}}ubufakazi bezithombe obugxiviziwe be-geo besilwane ngasinye esimakiwe budingeka ukuze kusebenze inqubomgomo nokucubungula izimangalo. Uhlelo lwe-Shenzhen Su'an olukhiqize i-26.8:1 ROI luncike kulolu hlobo lomfundi. Izixhumanisi ze-GPS nezitembu zesikhathi zibethelwe futhi zigcinwe iseva-eceleni, zidala amarekhodi okuqinisekisa ukumelana{16}}. Izifundi zephaneli ezigxilile zokuhlunga okuzenzakalelayo,{17}}ukuhlanganiswa kwesikali, noma ibanga lokurekhoda ohlangothini lwe-chute ukusuka ku-$2,000 kuya ku-$10,000 iphoyinti lokufaka ngalinye.

 

Ukunikezwa kwelayisensi yesofthiwe: izinkundla zokuphatha umhlambi ezisekelwe ngamafu{0}zivame ukukhokhisa u-$500 kuya ku-$3,000 ngonyaka. Amasistimu ebhizinisi anesexwayiso sezempilo, ukuhlanganiswa kwamarekhodi ezilwane, kanye nokubikwa kokulawula kungafinyelela ku-$50,000 ngonyaka ngemisebenzi emikhulu.

 

Lokhu kushintsha kwesikali kuchaza ukuthi kungani izihlanganisi ezinkulu ezifana ne-Muyuan Foods, i-New Hope Group, ne-Wens Foodstuff, eziqhuba imisebenzi emakhulu ezinkulungwane zekhanda, zifinyelela ngokugcwele-ezilayishwe{1}}ngesilwane ngasinye imisebenzi emincane engeke ifane.

 

Embonini-ebanzi komongo: umthetho we-USDA's Animal Disease Traceability, owumgomo wokuhamba kwezinkomo phakathi kwezifunda kusukela ngomhla ka-5 Novemba 2024, ukulinganiselwa kwezindleko zokuthobela imboni-kububanzi obungu-$28.9 ukuya ku-$34 wezigidi (congress.gov).

 

Abakhiqizi

 

I-Application Technique kanye Nokulahlekelwa Komaka

 

 

Ucwaningo olushicilelwe ku-MDPI Agriculture luthole izilinganiso zokulahleka komaka be-elekthronikhi abalinganiselwa ku-6.7% uma kuqhathaniswa no-38.4% kumathegi abonakalayo-epulasitiki kuphela. Leso silinganiso esingu-6.7% sifihla ukuhluka okubanzi okusekelwe kuhlelo lokusebenza.

 

Uhlelo lokusebenza olufanele lubeka umaka wenkinobho ye-EID cishe ku-2/3 webanga ukusuka emaphethelweni endlebe kuya kusisekelo sogebhezi, endlebeni yangakwesobunxele ngokwezimfuneko eziningi zokulawula, ingxenye yesifazane (eminyene) iqondiswe endaweni yendlebe engaphakathi. Ithegi kufanele ijikeleze ngokukhululeka ngemva kokufaka isicelo. Ukubopha kubonisa ukuma okungalungile okuzoholela ku-necrosis yezicubu kanye nokulahlekelwa ekugcineni.

 

Amaphutha avamile: ukubeka omaka eduze kakhulu nesihloko sendlebe kukhulisa-ingozi yokukhipha. Ukuma eduze kakhulu nesizinda sendlebe engcupheni yokushaya imithambo yegazi emikhulu. Ukusebenzisa izimbobo ezikhona kumathegi angaphambilini kukhulisa kakhulu izinga lokulahlekelwa ngoba izicubu ezizungezile sezivele zisengozini. Ukusebenza kwesimo sezulu esibandayo{{4}kuyinkinga ngoba amathegi abandayo anzima kakhulu ukuwahlanganisa ngendlela efanele kumfakisicelo. Ukutheleleka endaweni yesicelo kuseyimbangela ehamba phambili yokulahleka komaka. Eminye imisebenzi ibika{7}}izinga eliphansi lokutheleleka ngokusetshenziswa okungaguquki kwesibulala-magciwane. Abanye abasebenzisa omaka abafanayo abanenhlanzeko enganele babona ukulahlekelwa okungu-5-ku-10% okuhlobene nokutheleleka.

 

Imisebenzi yase-Australia esebenza ngaphansi kwe-NLIS ibika ukuthuthuka okungama-40% kumazinga okutholwa kwezilwane ezilahlekile. Ukwebiwa kwezinkomo kuba nzima kakhulu lapho izilwane ziphethe imininingwane ye-elekthronikhi exhunywe kusizindalwazi sobunikazi obuphakathi nendawo.